{"id":19516,"date":"2024-10-11T04:03:49","date_gmt":"2024-10-11T04:03:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/2024\/10\/11\/ir-optics-baf2-an-alternative-to-germanium\/"},"modified":"2025-09-18T08:43:38","modified_gmt":"2025-09-18T08:43:38","slug":"le-baf2-une-alternative-au-germanium","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/le-baf2-une-alternative-au-germanium\/","title":{"rendered":"Infrarouge: le BaF2 une alternative au germanium ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m243ogy1-1be59394ea72fc3ae998328a46ed54e4 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h1>Infrarouge: le BaF2 une alternative au germanium ?<\/h1>\n<p>Le <a href=\"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/optiques-germanium-guide-achat\/\">Ge<\/a> est le mat\u00e9riau optique le plus utilis\u00e9 pour l&rsquo;optique thermique, peut-il \u00eatre remplac\u00e9 par d&rsquo;autres mat\u00e9riel ? Dans cet article, nous examinerons le <a href=\"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/optical-components\/composants-optiques-ir\/composants-optiques-baf2\/\">Fluorure de baryum<\/a> en tant que concurrent \u00e0 cette position dominante. .<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m246kspj-0e295d50ebea1aa727944913bbebbf96\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m246kspj-0e295d50ebea1aa727944913bbebbf96 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m246kspj-0e295d50ebea1aa727944913bbebbf96 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m246kspj-0e295d50ebea1aa727944913bbebbf96 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-19512 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-19512 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/IR-optics-BaF2-an-alternative-to-Germanium--300x300.png\" alt='IR optics : BaF2 an alternative to germanium?' title='IR optics BaF2 an alternative to Germanium'  height=\"300\" width=\"300\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/IR-optics-BaF2-an-alternative-to-Germanium--300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/IR-optics-BaF2-an-alternative-to-Germanium--1030x1030.png 1030w, https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/IR-optics-BaF2-an-alternative-to-Germanium--80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/IR-optics-BaF2-an-alternative-to-Germanium--768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/IR-optics-BaF2-an-alternative-to-Germanium--36x36.png 36w, https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/IR-optics-BaF2-an-alternative-to-Germanium--180x180.png 180w, https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/IR-optics-BaF2-an-alternative-to-Germanium--705x705.png 705w, https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/IR-optics-BaF2-an-alternative-to-Germanium-.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m244sro0-5d21cf66cb42ca712b4e6f98b028c06b '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Difficult\u00e9s d&rsquo;approvisionnement en composants optiques en germanium<\/h2>\n<h3>Disponibilit\u00e9 difficile<\/h3>\n<p aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\"><span class=\"\">La Chine est le principal producteur mondial de germanium, un \u00e9l\u00e9ment strat\u00e9gique utilis\u00e9 dans l&rsquo;\u00e9lectronique. R\u00e9cemment, le pays a impos\u00e9 des <a href=\"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/la-chine-interdit-elle-lexportation-de-germanium\/\">contr\u00f4les stricts sur l&rsquo;utilisation et l&rsquo;exportation du germanium<\/a>, probablement en r\u00e9ponse aux sanctions am\u00e9ricaines sur les technologies li\u00e9es aux puces. L&rsquo;acc\u00e8s au germanium est d\u00e9sormais beaucoup plus difficile, en outre les exportations doivent subir un processus d&rsquo;approbation long et incertain par les douanes chinoises.<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\"><span class=\"\">Bien que le germanium soit r\u00e9pandu dans le monde entier, il n&rsquo;existe qu&rsquo;en petites concentrations.\u00a0Le raffiner en un mat\u00e9riau de qualit\u00e9 optique de haute puret\u00e9 n\u00e9cessite un \u00e9quipement complexe.\u00a0Par cons\u00e9quent, d&rsquo;autres pays seront confront\u00e9s \u00e0 des d\u00e9fis importants pour remplacer leur approvisionnement en germanium sans de lourds investissements dans l&rsquo;exploitation mini\u00e8re et le raffinage.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Tarifs volatils<\/h3>\n<p>Comme le montre le graphique ci-dessous (ref. <a href=\"https:\/\/tradingnomics.com\/commodity\/germanium\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tradingnomics.com<\/a>), le prix du germanium a augment\u00e9 r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement au cours de la derni\u00e8re d\u00e9cennie, connaissant une augmentation de 3,53 fois. Les tendances r\u00e9centes indiquent non pas une stabilisation mais plut\u00f4t une acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration de la hausse des co\u00fbts. En octobre 2024, le prix actuel est de 3 883 dollars le kilogramme, ce qui fait du germanium un mat\u00e9riau consid\u00e9rablement co\u00fbteux.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m244uxd9-fb836ba76fd938e36f28415fb7fdd08a\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m244uxd9-fb836ba76fd938e36f28415fb7fdd08a img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m244uxd9-fb836ba76fd938e36f28415fb7fdd08a .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m244uxd9-fb836ba76fd938e36f28415fb7fdd08a av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-19487 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-19487 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Ge-price-300x203.png\" alt='Germanium-price-2014-2024' title='Ge-price'  height=\"203\" width=\"300\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Ge-price-300x203.png 300w, https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Ge-price-1030x696.png 1030w, https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Ge-price-768x519.png 768w, https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Ge-price-1536x1038.png 1536w, https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Ge-price-1500x1013.png 1500w, https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Ge-price-705x476.png 705w, https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Ge-price.png 1652w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m244y1g0-ac1648172911ac79009d19d4febcf298 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Le BAF2 peut-il \u00eatre une alternative au germanium\u00a0?<\/h2>\n<p>Le fluorure de baryum et le germanium partagent une bonne transmission dans l&rsquo;IR et en particulier dans les spectres IR thermiques, mais ils ont des caract\u00e9ristiques diff\u00e9rentes, le tableau ci-dessous r\u00e9sume les plus pertinentes.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div class='avia-data-table-wrap av-sx1132z-29196577ce2562e0b7d97529622d0009 avia_responsive_table avia-table-1'><table  class='avia-table avia-data-table avia_pricing_default  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Table\" ><caption>Comparison between BaF2 and Ge characteristics<\/caption><tbody><tr class='avia-heading-row'><th class=''><\/th><th class=''>Fluorure de Baryum<\/th><th class=''>Germanium<\/th><th class=''>Commentaires<\/th><\/tr><tr class=''><td class=''>Elements chimiques<\/td><td class=''>BaF2<\/td><td class=''>Ge<\/td><td class=''><\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><td class=''>Spectre de transmission<\/td><td class=''>0,25-12 \u00b5m  (T diminue \u00e0 partir de 9.5\u00b5m)<\/td><td class=''>1,6 &#8211; 20 \u00b5m<\/td><td class=''>BaF2 est transparent dans le visible alors que Ge ne l&rsquo;est pas.  Ge va au-del\u00e0 des infrarouges lointains.<\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><td class=''>Indice de r\u00e9fraction<\/td><td class=''>1,47<\/td><td class=''>4,0<\/td><td class=''>Diff\u00e9rence importante, ce qui signifie que le design de l\u2019optique doit \u00eatre enti\u00e8rement repens\u00e9e pour passer du Ge au BaF2.<\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><td class=''>Densit\u00e9 (g\/cm3)<\/td><td class=''>4,9<\/td><td class=''>5,32<\/td><td class=''><\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><td class=''>Dispersion spectrale<\/td><td class=''>Faible<\/td><td class=''>tr\u00e8s faible<\/td><td class=''>Les deux mat\u00e9riaux pr\u00e9senteront une faible aberration chromatique, utile pour travailler sur un large spectre<\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><td class=''>Duret\u00e9 (GPa)<\/td><td class=''>0,75  (Mohs 3,5)<\/td><td class=''>6,1 (Mohs 6)<\/td><td class=''>Cette diff\u00e9rence est tr\u00e8s significative, la faible duret\u00e9 du BaF2 le rend facile \u00e0 endommager.<\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><td class=''>Fragilit\u00e9<\/td><td class=''>Tr\u00e8s cassant<\/td><td class=''>cassant<\/td><td class=''>Les deux n\u00e9cessitent une manipulation prudente, mais encore plus pour le BaF2 <\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><td class=''>R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la temp\u00e9rature<\/td><td class=''>Peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 800\u00b0C en milieu sec (500\u00b0C en pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;humidit\u00e9)<\/td><td class=''>Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s optiques commencent \u00e0 se d\u00e9grader \u00e0 partir de 100\u00b0.<\/td><td class=''>BaF2 est une alternative int\u00e9ressante au Ge pour une utilisation \u00e0 plus haute temp\u00e9rature.<\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><td class=''>R\u00e9sistance aux chocs thermiques<\/td><td class=''>Mauvaise<\/td><td class=''>Moyenne<\/td><td class=''><\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><td class=''>R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 l&rsquo;humidit\u00e9<\/td><td class=''>Une exposition prolong\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019humidit\u00e9 aura un impact n\u00e9gatif sur sa qualit\u00e9<\/td><td class=''>S&rsquo;oxydera en cas d&rsquo;exposition prolong\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;humidit\u00e9<\/td><td class=''>Le rev\u00eatement DLC sur le germanium am\u00e9liorera consid\u00e9rablement sa r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 l&rsquo;humidit\u00e9<\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><td class=''>Disponibilit\u00e9 dimensionnelle<\/td><td class=''>Jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 D200mm<\/td><td class=''>Plus difficile de trouver des gros diam\u00e8tres<\/td><td class=''>Pour les optiques de diam\u00e8tre sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 D100mm, le germanium sera encore plus cher du fait de la raret\u00e9 de l&rsquo;offre.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><style type='text\/css'>.avia-table-1 td:nth-of-type(1):before { content: ''; } .avia-table-1 td:nth-of-type(2):before { content: 'Fluorure de Baryum'; } .avia-table-1 td:nth-of-type(3):before { content: 'Germanium'; } .avia-table-1 td:nth-of-type(4):before { content: 'Commentaires'; } <\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m246gjex-c9d09ee7b7d4d9480f268b249a99a022 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Une alternative uniquement pour des applications limit\u00e9es\u00a0:<\/h2>\n<p>Alors que les deux mati\u00e8res partagent une faible dispersion spectrale et une bonne transmission sur les spectres IR, le <strong>germanium est beaucoup plus r\u00e9sistant<\/strong> aux \u00e9l\u00e9ments environnementaux, surtout s&rsquo;il est renforc\u00e9 avec un rev\u00eatement DLC.<\/p>\n<p>Dans un <strong>environnement prot\u00e9g\u00e9<\/strong> comme un laboratoire, le Fluorure de Baryum pr\u00e9sente des avantages int\u00e9ressants pour les composants optiques : d&rsquo;abord son <strong>prix<\/strong> (la moiti\u00e9 du germanium au moment de la r\u00e9daction), ses capacit\u00e9s \u00e0 <strong> travailler \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures plus \u00e9lev\u00e9es<\/strong> et sa transparence dans le visible.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-s1ckvv-20d26a5cc4b221ae32655ee52ffb0c5c\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-s1ckvv-20d26a5cc4b221ae32655ee52ffb0c5c{\nheight:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-s1ckvv-20d26a5cc4b221ae32655ee52ffb0c5c hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_button '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-m246nl8m-37f8825bd5ac0d9a96c661f85b9fa6b3-wrap avia-button-center  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_hr  avia-builder-el-last '><a href=\"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/contact\/\" class=\"avia-button av-m246nl8m-37f8825bd5ac0d9a96c661f85b9fa6b3 av-link-btn avia-icon_select-yes-left-icon avia-size-small avia-position-center avia-color-theme-color\" aria-label=\"Demande de composant optique infrarouge\"><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_left avia-iconfont avia-font-entypo-fontello' data-av_icon='\ue8ab' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Demande de composant optique infrarouge<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19492,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19516","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-centre-de-connaissances"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19516","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19516"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19516\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22239,"href":"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19516\/revisions\/22239"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19492"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19516"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19516"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinoptix.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19516"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}